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0px"><i class="fa fa-fw"></i><a href="../604/respiration-28.html">Respiration 2.8</a></label></li><li class=""><label style="padding-left: 0px"><i class="fa fa-fw"></i><a href="../605/photosynthesis-29.html">Photosynthesis 2.9</a></label></li></ul></div> <div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm"> <button class="btn btn-default btn-block text-xs-center" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#modal-feedback" style="margin-bottom: 10px"><i class="fa fa-send"></i> Feedback</button> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-9" id="main-column"> <h1 class="page_title"> Structure of DNA and RNA 2.6 <a href="#" class="mark-page-favorite pull-right" data-pid="602" title="Mark as favorite" onclick="return false;"><i class="fa fa-star-o"></i></a> </h1> <ol class="breadcrumb"> <li><a href="../../../biology.html"><i class="fa fa-home"></i></a><i class="fa fa-fw fa-chevron-right divider"></i></li><li><a href="../463/02-molecular-biology.html">02 Molecular biology</a><i class="fa fa-fw fa-chevron-right divider"></i></li><li><span class="gray">Structure of DNA and RNA 2.6</span></li> <span class="pull-right" style="color: #555" title="Suggested study time: 30 minutes"><i class="fa fa-clock-o"></i> 30'</span> </ol> <article id="main-article"> <style type="text/css">ol.breadcrumb { margin-bottom: 0 }</style><div id="toc-1675505952" class="toc"><a href="#" class="toc-switcher" title="Show table of contents"><small><i class="fa fa-reorder"></i> Table of contents <span class="pull-right"><i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i></span></small></a><ol><li><a href="#header-1" class="scroll-to" data-target="header-1">Summary list for 2.6 structure of DNA and RNA</a></li><li><a href="#header-2" class="scroll-to" data-target="header-2">Mindmaps</a></li><li><a href="#header-3" class="scroll-to" data-target="header-3">Exam style question about DNA structure</a></li><li><a href="#header-4" class="scroll-to" data-target="header-4">Model answer </a></li><li><a href="#header-5" class="scroll-to" data-target="header-5">Model answer</a><ol></ol></li><li><a href="#header-6" class="scroll-to" data-target="header-6"> 2.6 DNA and RNA 1/1 </a></li></ol><li><a href="#header-7" class="scroll-to" data-target="header-7">Drag and drop activities</a></li></div><div class="intro-card" readonly="false"><img class="intro-image" readonly="true" src="../../images/02_molecules/dna_small_sqr-1.jpg" style="width: 285px; height: 285px;"> <div class="content" readonly="true"> <div class="text">DNA is the long molecules which makes up the genetic material in all cells. It is made from smaller units called nucleotides and in this topic a knowledge of the structure of nucleotides of DNA and RNA is required, as is a simple understanding of the structure of the double stranded, double helix, DNA.</div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-turquoise"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander pull-right" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>Key concepts</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <div> <p><iframe frameborder="0" height="420" scrolling="no" src="https://quizlet.com/52143180/flashcards/embed" width="100%"><br> </iframe></p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-footer"> <div> <p>text</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-footer"> <div> <p>text</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-yellow"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander pull-right" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>Essentials</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <div> <p>These slides summarise the essential understanding and skills in this topic. <br> They contain short explanations in text and images - good revision for all students.</p> <p>Read the slides and look up any words or details you find difficult to understand.</p> <div id="carousel-98" class="dynamic-gallery carousel slide" data-id="98"><div class="carousel-inner" role="listbox"><div class="item active"><a class="fancy" href="../../../std-galleries/5-98/img0.jpg" data-fancybox="gallery-98" title="" data-caption=""><img alt="" src="../../../std-galleries/5-98/img0.jpg"></a></div><div class="item "><a class="fancy" href="../../../std-galleries/5-98/img1.jpg" data-fancybox="gallery-98" title="" data-caption=""><img alt="" src="../../../std-galleries/5-98/img1.jpg"></a></div><div class="item "><a class="fancy" href="../../../std-galleries/5-98/img2.jpg" data-fancybox="gallery-98" title="" data-caption=""><img alt="" src="../../../std-galleries/5-98/img2.jpg"></a></div><div class="item "><a class="fancy" href="../../../std-galleries/5-98/img3.jpg" data-fancybox="gallery-98" title="" data-caption=""><img alt="" src="../../../std-galleries/5-98/img3.jpg"></a></div><div class="item "><a class="fancy" href="../../../std-galleries/5-98/img4.jpg" data-fancybox="gallery-98" title="" data-caption=""><img alt="" src="../../../std-galleries/5-98/img4.jpg"></a></div></div><a class="left carousel-control" href="#carousel-98" role="button" data-slide="prev"><i class="fa fa-fw fa-chevron-left"></i></a><a class="right carousel-control" href="#carousel-98" role="button" data-slide="next"><i class="fa fa-fw fa-chevron-right"></i></a></div><ol class="std-carousel-indicators"><li data-index="0"><img title="Click to view" src="../../../std-galleries/5-98/img0-thumb128.jpg"><li><li data-index="1"><img title="Click to view" src="../../../std-galleries/5-98/img1-thumb128.jpg"><li><li data-index="2"><img title="Click to view" src="../../../std-galleries/5-98/img2-thumb128.jpg"><li><li data-index="3"><img title="Click to view" src="../../../std-galleries/5-98/img3-thumb128.jpg"><li><li data-index="4"><img title="Click to view" src="../../../std-galleries/5-98/img4-thumb128.jpg"><li></li></ol> </div> </div> <div class="panel-footer"> <div> <p>These slides summarise the essential understanding and skills in this topic. <br> They contain short explanations in text and images - great revision.</p> <p>Read the slides and look up any words or details you find difficult to understand.</p> <div id="carousel-210" class="dynamic-gallery carousel slide" data-id="210"><div class="carousel-inner" role="listbox"><div class="item active"><a class="fancy" href="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-1.jpg" data-fancybox="gallery-210" title="" data-caption=""><img alt="" src="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-1.jpg"></a></div><div class="item "><a class="fancy" href="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-2.jpg" data-fancybox="gallery-210" title="" data-caption=""><img alt="" src="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-2.jpg"></a></div><div class="item "><a class="fancy" href="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-3.jpg" data-fancybox="gallery-210" title="" data-caption=""><img alt="" src="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-3.jpg"></a></div><div class="item "><a class="fancy" href="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-4.jpg" data-fancybox="gallery-210" title="" data-caption=""><img alt="" src="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-4.jpg"></a></div><div class="item "><a class="fancy" href="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-5.jpg" data-fancybox="gallery-210" title="" data-caption=""><img alt="" src="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-5.jpg"></a></div></div><a class="left carousel-control" href="#carousel-210" role="button" data-slide="prev"><i class="fa fa-fw fa-chevron-left"></i></a><a class="right carousel-control" href="#carousel-210" role="button" data-slide="next"><i class="fa fa-fw fa-chevron-right"></i></a></div><ol class="std-carousel-indicators"><li data-index="0"><img title="Click to view" src="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-1-thumb128.jpg"><li><li data-index="1"><img title="Click to view" src="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-2-thumb128.jpg"><li><li data-index="2"><img title="Click to view" src="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-3-thumb128.jpg"><li><li data-index="3"><img title="Click to view" src="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-4-thumb128.jpg"><li><li data-index="4"><img title="Click to view" src="../../../std-galleries/5-210/112movement-5-thumb128.jpg"><li></li></ol> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-violet"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander pull-right" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>Summary</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <div> <h3 id="header-1">Summary list for 2.6 structure of DNA and RNA<small class="toc-back-button"><a href="#" class="scroll-to" data-target="toc-1675505952" title="Back to table of contents"><i class="fa fa-chevron-circle-up gray"></i></a></small></h3> <ul> <li class="liWithoutP">DNA and RNA are polymers each made of nucleotides.</li> <li class="liWithoutP">A DNA nucleotide is made from phosphate, deoxyribose (pentose sugar), and nucleotide bases (T, A,G,C)</li> <li class="liWithoutP">RNA nucleotides are made from phosphate, ribose (pentose sugar) and nucleotide bases (U, A, G, C)</li> <li class="liWithoutP">Base pairing is "complementary"</li> <li class="liWithoutP">DNA is a double helix made of two strands of nucleotides linked by hydrogen bonding RNA is a single strand of nucleotides.</li> <li class="liWithoutP">Students should be able to draw simple diagrams of DNA and RNA nucleotides - using simple shapes (not chemical symbols). Two antiparallel strands of DNA showing base pairing. A 'ladder' structure is enough.<br> Details of purines / pyrimidines are not required at SL.</li> </ul> <hr class="hidden-separator"> <h3 id="header-2">Mindmaps<small class="toc-back-button"><a href="#" class="scroll-to" data-target="toc-1675505952" title="Back to table of contents"><i class="fa fa-chevron-circle-up gray"></i></a></small></h3> <p>This diagram summaries the main sections of topic 2.6.<br> Test if you can draw something like these concept maps from memory.</p> <div id="carousel-99" class="dynamic-gallery carousel slide" data-id="99"><div class="carousel-inner" role="listbox"><div class="item active"><a class="fancy" href="../../../std-galleries/5-99/dnarnaspider.png" data-fancybox="gallery-99" title="" data-caption=""><img alt="" src="../../../std-galleries/5-99/dnarnaspider.png"></a></div><div class="item "><a class="fancy" href="../../../std-galleries/5-99/dnarnaspiderlist.png" data-fancybox="gallery-99" title="" data-caption=""><img alt="" src="../../../std-galleries/5-99/dnarnaspiderlist.png"></a></div></div><a class="left carousel-control" href="#carousel-99" role="button" data-slide="prev"><i class="fa fa-fw fa-chevron-left"></i></a><a class="right carousel-control" href="#carousel-99" role="button" data-slide="next"><i class="fa fa-fw fa-chevron-right"></i></a></div><ol class="std-carousel-indicators"><li data-index="0"><img title="Click to view" src="../../../std-galleries/5-99/dnarnaspider-thumb128.jpg"><li><li data-index="1"><img title="Click to view" src="../../../std-galleries/5-99/dnarnaspiderlist-thumb128.jpg"><li></li></ol> </div> </div> <div class="panel-footer"> <div> <p>text</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander pull-right" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>Exam style questions</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <div> <h3 id="header-3">Exam style question about DNA structure<small class="toc-back-button"><a href="#" class="scroll-to" data-target="toc-1675505952" title="Back to table of contents"><i class="fa fa-chevron-circle-up gray"></i></a></small></h3> <p>Understanding the structure of DNA and RNA is an important skill from this topic.</p> <p>Answer the question below on a piece of paper, then check your answer with the model answer below.</p> <div class="yellowBg"> <p><strong>Draw a simple diagram showing the structure of a short piece of RNA made of three nucleotides [4]</strong></p> <p><strong>.</strong></p> <p><strong>.</strong></p> <p><strong>.</strong></p> <p><strong>.</strong></p> <p><strong>.</strong></p> <p><strong>.</strong></p> </div> <p>Click the + icon to see a model answer.</p> <button class="btn btn-xs bg-turquoise showhider"><i class="fa fa-fw fa-plus"></i></button><section class="hiddenbox hidden"> <h3 id="header-4">Model answer <small class="toc-back-button"><a href="#" class="scroll-to" data-target="toc-1675505952" title="Back to table of contents"><i class="fa fa-chevron-circle-up gray"></i></a></small></h3> <div class="yellowBg"> <p><strong>Draw a simple diagram showing the structure of a short piece of RNA made of three nucleotides [4]</strong><br> <em>(Remember to label all parts of the diagram)</em></p> <ul> <li><span style="color:#FF0000;">Phosphate, sugar and base in a nucleotide</span></li> <li><span style="color:#FF0000;">Base connected to the 1st carbon of the sugar</span></li> <li><span style="color:#FF0000;">Phosphate connected to the 4th carbon</span></li> <li><span style="color:#FF0000;">Three nucleotides shown</span></li> <li><span style="color:#FF0000;">Nucleotides connected by a bond between the phosphate and the 3rd carbon of the sugar</span></li> </ul> <p><img alt="" src="../../images/02_molecules/rna-molecules.jpg" style="width: 300px; height: 365px;"></p> </div> </section> <div class="panel panel-has-colored-body panel-expandable panel-has-border panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander pull-right" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>Extra exam question on DNA structure --- click the + to open it. -- ></p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <div> <p>This question requires knowledge of the relationship between DNA structure and function.</p> <div class="yellowBg"> <p>The diagram shows the structure of DNA</p> <p><img alt="" src="../../images/02_molecules/dna.png" style="width: 300px; height: 192px;"></p> <p><strong>a) Annotate the diagram to show a nucleotide (1 mark) </strong></p> <p><strong>b) Describe what the dotted lines represent (1 mark)</strong></p> <p>.............................................. ............................................</p> <p>.............................................. ............................................</p> </div> <p>Click the + icon to see a model answer. </p> <button class="btn btn-xs bg-turquoise showhider"><i class="fa fa-fw fa-plus"></i></button><section class="hiddenbox hidden"> <h3 id="header-5">Model answer<small class="toc-back-button"><a href="#" class="scroll-to" data-target="toc-1675505952" title="Back to table of contents"><i class="fa fa-chevron-circle-up gray"></i></a></small></h3> <div class="yellowBg"> <p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.38;margin-top:12pt;margin-bottom:0pt;">The command term "annotate" - ask for detail to be added using labels.</p> <p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.38;margin-top:12pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><strong>a) Annotate the diagram to show a nucleotide (1 mark) </strong></p> <p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.38;margin-top:12pt;margin-bottom:0pt;">To gain a mark any nucleotide can be circled and labelled.<br> It must include a phosphate, a base and a sugar molecule as shown.</p> <p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.38;margin-top:12pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><img alt="" src="../../images/02_molecules/dna_modleansw2.png" style="width: 300px; height: 207px;"></p> <p><strong>b) Describe what the dotted lines represent (1 mark)</strong></p> <p><span style="color:#FF0000;">The hydrogen bonds between (complementary) bases are represented by the dotted lines.</span></p> <ul> </ul> </div> </section> </div> </div> <div class="panel-footer"> <div> <p>text</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-footer"> <div> <p>text</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-green"> <div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander pull-right" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a> <div> <p>Test yourself</p> </div> </div> <div class="panel-body"> <div> <p>This is a self marking quiz containing questions covering the topic outlined above.<br> Try the questions to check your understanding.</p> <br><a class="btn btn-primary btn-block text-center" data-toggle="modal" href="#31b06ddd"><i class="fa fa-play"></i> START QUIZ!</a><div class="modal fade modal-slide-quiz" id="31b06ddd"> <div class="modal-dialog" style="width: 95vw; max-width: 960px"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header slide-quiz-title"> <h4 id="header-6"> 2.6 DNA and RNA <strong class="q-number pull-right"> <span class="counter">1</span>/<span class="total">1</span> </strong> <small class="toc-back-button"><a href="#" class="scroll-to" data-target="toc-1675505952" title="Back to table of contents"><i class="fa fa-chevron-circle-up gray"></i></a></small></h4> </div> <div class="modal-body p-xs-3"> <div class="slide-quiz" data-stats="5-225-602" style="opacity: 0"> <div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>To which carbons of deoxyribose is the phosphate groups bonded in DNA?</p><p><img alt="" src="../../images/02_molecules/deoxyribose.png" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"></p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Carbon 2 and 5</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Carbon 1 and 4</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> Carbon 3 and 5</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Carbon 1 and 3</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>The nucleotide base is bonded to carbon 1</p><p>Carbons 3 and 5 form the sugar -phosphate bond by binding to phosphate.</p></div><div class="slide-q-actions"><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>Which of the following are found in DNA but not in RNA</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Deoxyribose sugar and uracil</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Ribose sugar and thymine</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Ribose sugar and uracil</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> Deoxyribose sugar and thymine</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Thymine and deoxyribose are found only in DNA and not in RNA</p></div><div class="slide-q-actions"><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>Where do hydrogen bonds form in molecules of DNA?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Between bases and deoxyribose molecules.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> Between the nucleotide bases of separate strands</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Between the nucleotide bases of the adjacent nucleotides in the same strand</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Between phosphate and deoxyribose molecules.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Diagrams of DNA often show dotted lines between the nucleotide base pairs representing the hydrogen bonds that hold the DNA strands of the double helix together.</p></div><div class="slide-q-actions"><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>Which bases pair with T and G in DNA structure?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> A pairs with T and C with G.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> U pairs with T and C with G.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> C pairs with T and A with G.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> G pairs with T and A with G. </label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>C always pairs with G and vice versa.</p><p>A always pairs with T, and vice versa.</p></div><div class="slide-q-actions"><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>In what ways is RNA the same as DNA?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> RNA has the same nucleotides as DNA and the same hydrogen bonding.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> RNA has the same sugar phosphate backbone as DNA and the same base.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> RNA has the same phosphate as DNA three of the same bases.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> RNA has the same bases as DNA - Adenine Uracil, Cytosine and Guanine.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>RNA and DNA share the same phosphate, the bases A,C and G.<br>Both can form hydrogen bonds in the same way, but as RNA is single stranded the hydrogen bonding is different from DNA, depending on the type of RNA.</p></div><div class="slide-q-actions"><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>Which of the following is a correct drawing of an DNA nucleotide?</p><p><img alt="" src="../../images/02_molecules/dna-nucleotides-question.png" style="width: 350px; height: 232px;"></p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio" style=" float: left; margin-right: 40px; "><input type="radio"> D</label></p><p><label class="radio" style=" float: left; margin-right: 40px; "><input type="radio"> C</label></p><p><label class="radio" style=" float: left; margin-right: 40px; "><input class="c" type="radio"> A</label></p><p><label class="radio" style=" float: left; margin-right: 40px; "><input type="radio"> B</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>The deoxyribose connects the phosphate to the thymine correctly in diagram A</p><p>In C and D the phosphate connects to the base, which is incorrect.</p></div><div class="slide-q-actions"><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>What is the difference between a ribose and a deoxyribose sugar molecule?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> There is no difference they just have different names because of DNA and RNA.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> Deoxyribose has one fewer -OH groups than ribose.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Deoxyribose has one extra carbon atom than ribose.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Dexoyribose has one fewer -H groups than ribose.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Both ribose and deoxyribose are pentose sugars with 5 carbon atoms in each.</p><p>Deoxyribose has one oxygen less than ribose, making one fewer -OH groups. The -OH becomes -H</p></div><div class="slide-q-actions"><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>In biology polymers are quite common types of molecules. Which of the following molecules are polymers?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> DNA, RNA, polypeptides.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> RNA but not DNA</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> DNA but not RNA</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> DNA, RNA and glucose.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Polymer is the chemical name for a long molecule made from repeated subunits called monomers.</p><p>These include, polysaccharides, polypeptides, and polymers of nucleotides, DNA and RNA.</p></div><div class="slide-q-actions"><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="modal-footer slide-quiz-actions"> <div class=""> <div class="pull-left pull-xs-none mb-xs-3"> <button class="btn btn-default d-xs-none btn-prev"> <i class="fa fa-arrow-left"></i> Prev </button> </div> <div class="pull-right pull-xs-none"> <button class="btn btn-success btn-xs-block text-xs-center btn-results" style="display: none"> <i class="fa fa-bar-chart"></i> Check Results </button> <button class="btn btn-default d-xs-none btn-next"> Next <i class="fa fa-arrow-right"></i> </button> <button class="btn btn-default btn-xs-block text-xs-center btn-close" data-dismiss="modal" style="display: none"> Close </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <hr> <h3 id="header-7">Drag and drop activities<small class="toc-back-button"><a href="#" class="scroll-to" data-target="toc-1675505952" title="Back to table of contents"><i class="fa fa-chevron-circle-up gray"></i></a></small></h3> <p>Test your ability to construct biological explanations using the drag and drop questions below.</p> <p> </p> <div class="tib-quiz" data-stats="5-842-602"><p>Test your construction of biological explanations using the drag and drop questions below.</p><p><strong>The structure of DNA.</strong></p><p><strong><img alt="" src="../../images/richard/2.6-dna.jpg" style="width: 100px; height: 67px;"></strong></p><div class="label label-default q-number">1</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p> </p><p class="gap-drop"> <span class="q-text-draggable draggable" draggable="true">G-C</span> <span class="q-text-draggable draggable" draggable="true">uracil</span> <span class="q-text-draggable draggable" draggable="true">monomer</span> <span class="q-text-draggable draggable" draggable="true">nitrogenous base</span> <span class="q-text-draggable draggable" draggable="true">guanine</span> <span class="q-text-draggable draggable" draggable="true">covalent</span> <span class="q-text-draggable draggable" draggable="true">nucleotides</span> <span class="q-text-draggable draggable" draggable="true">hydrogen</span> <span class="q-text-draggable draggable" draggable="true">phosphate</span> <span class="q-text-draggable draggable" draggable="true">ribose</span> <span class="q-text-draggable draggable" draggable="true">pentose</span> <span class="q-text-draggable draggable" draggable="true">complimentary</span> <span class="q-text-draggable draggable" draggable="true">backbone</span> </p></div><div class="q-answer"><p>Nucleic acids are polymers of <input type="text" style="height: auto;" data-c="nucleotides"> <span class="review"></span> .</p><p>The nucleotide <input type="text" style="height: auto;" data-c="monomer"> <span class="review"></span> consists of a <input type="text" style="height: auto;" data-c="pentose"> <span class="review"></span> sugar (deoxyribose in DNA or <input type="text" style="height: auto;" data-c="ribose"> <span class="review"></span> in RNA), a <input type="text" style="height: auto;" data-c="phosphate"> <span class="review"></span> group and a <input type="text" style="height: auto;" data-c="nitrogenous base"> <span class="review"></span> (adenine, <input type="text" style="height: auto;" data-c="guanine"> <span class="review"></span> , cytosine and thymine.</p><p>The phosphate and sugar join in sequence with <input type="text" style="height: auto;" data-c="covalent"> <span class="review"></span> bonds to form the <input type="text" style="height: auto;" data-c="backbone"> <span class="review"></span> .</p><p>The bases form a base sequence on the inside of the molecule, <input type="text" style="height: auto;" data-c="hydrogen"> <span class="review"></span> bonded in <input type="text" style="height: auto;" data-c="complimentary"> <span class="review"></span> base pairs (A-T, <input type="text" style="height: auto;" data-c="G-C"> <span class="review"></span> ).</p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p><em>Examiner hint: An annotated diagrm can be used to answer a question on the structure of DNA.</em></p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa 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