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Metabolism HL Paper 1 questions</a></label></li><li class="expanded parent selected"><label style="padding-left: 0px"><i class="fa fa-fw"></i><a href="topic-9-plant-biology-hl-paper-1-questions.html">Topic 9 Plant biology HL Paper 1 questions</a></label></li><li class=""><label style="padding-left: 0px"><i class="fa fa-fw"></i><a href="../2890/topic-10-genetics-hl-paper-1-questions.html">Topic 10 Genetics HL Paper 1 questions</a></label></li><li class=""><label style="padding-left: 0px"><i class="fa fa-fw"></i><a href="../2891/topic-11-animal-physiology-hl-paper-1-questions.html">Topic 11 Animal physiology HL Paper 1 questions</a></label></li></ul></div> <div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm"> <button class="btn btn-default btn-block text-xs-center" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#modal-feedback" style="margin-bottom: 10px"><i class="fa fa-send"></i>&nbsp;&nbsp;Feedback</button> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-9" id="main-column"> <h1 class="page_title"> Topic 9 Plant biology HL Paper 1 questions <a href="#" class="mark-page-favorite pull-right" data-pid="2889" title="Mark as favorite" onclick="return false;"><i class="fa fa-star-o"></i></a> </h1> <ol class="breadcrumb"> <li><a href="../../../biology.html"><i class="fa fa-home"></i></a><i class="fa fa-fw fa-chevron-right divider"></i></li><li><a href="../2876/paper-1-style-exam-questions.html">Paper 1 style Exam questions</a><i class="fa fa-fw fa-chevron-right divider"></i></li><li><span class="gray">Topic 9 Plant biology HL Paper 1 questions</span></li> <span class="pull-right" style="color: #555" title="Suggested study time: 30 minutes"><i class="fa fa-clock-o"></i> 30&apos;</span> </ol> <article id="main-article"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Topic_1:_Cell_biology">Topic 9: <a class="internal-link" href="https://e.studyib.net/biology/page/471/09-plant-biology-ahl">Plant biology HL</a><a class="internal-link" href="https://e.studyib.net/biology/page/467/05-evolution-"> </a></span> <img alt="" src="../../images/09_plants/ladybug_flower-1.jpg" style="float: right; height: 148px; width: 200px;"></h3> <p><span class="mw-headline">This page contains <strong>multiple choice questions</strong> in the style of Paper 1 of the Biology exams.<br> They test the breadth of your knowledge of the understandings and skills<strong> about HL Plant biology</strong>.</span><span class="mw-headline"><br> To spend more time reviewing the topic before answering these questions, use the revision resources.</span></p> <div class="index-list"> <div class="item"> <div class="bg-cover cover-96" onclick="window.location='/biology/page/471/09-plant-biology-ahl'" style="background-image: url('../../images/09_plants/flower_qn-1.jpg')" title="09 Plant biology AHL">&nbsp;</div> <div class="content"> <h4 class="head"><a href="../471/09-plant-biology-ahl.html">Plant biology HL revision resources</a></h4> <p class="body">This is an introduction to the HL Plant biology topic. It lists understandings and skills expected for Topic 9 including structure and function of xylem and phloem, meristems, growth and reproduction. Helpful for revision.</p> </div> </div> </div> <p><span class="mw-headline">Learn from any mistakes. Every question has an examiner&#39;s explanation that appears when you check your answers.<span class="mw-headline"><span class="mw-headline"><span class="mw-headline"><img alt="" src="../../images/00_random-images/check-button.png" style="width: 80px; height: 35px;"></span></span></span></span></p> <div class="tib-quiz dyn-quiz" data-pid="2889" data-mtime="1675505943.8665"><div class="label label-default q-number">1</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>Which of the following statements explains the importance of adhesion to the transpiration stream?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Adhesion causes air bubbles in xylem vessels.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Adhesion of water to leaf cells helps evaporation of water.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Adhesion between water molecules supports water uptake in the soil.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> Adhesion between water molecules and cell walls helps pull water up xylem vessels.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Adhesion is an attraction between water molecules and the inner wall of xylem ducts and the cells of the leaf.</p><p>Then water column cannot be pulled away from the wall of xylem ducts due to strong adhesion of water. This helps to create tension, or transpiration pull.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">2</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>The diagram below shows a phloem sieve tube and its companion cell.</p><p><img alt="" src="../../images/09_plants/phloem_p__oto_diag.jpg" style="width: 400px; height: 376px;"></p><p>Distinguish between companion cells and sieve tube cells?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Sieve tube cells have a smaller thin nucleus whereas companion cells have a larger nucleus.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> Sieve tube cells have pale cytoplasm and no nucleus while companion cells have dense cytoplasm and a large nucleus.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Sieve tube cells have large vacuoles but companion cells don&#39;t have a vacuole</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Sieve tube cells have dense cytoplasm and a prominent nucleus while companion cells have pale cytoplasm and no nucleus.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Phloem sieve tube elements have perforated cell walls, no nucleus and pale cytoplasm because there is a flow of sap through them.<br>The companion cells have very metabolically active dense cytoplasm, with lots of mitochondria because they perform many of the metabolic functions for the sieve tube cells.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">3</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>The diagram below shows xylem and phloem tissue.</p><p><img alt="" src="../../images/09_plants/xylem_phloem_ab.jpg" style="width: 350px; height: 190px;"></p><p>Which is the correct label for each cell type?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> A and B both show Xylem tissue</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> A is Phloem, B is Xylem</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> A and B both show Phloem tissue</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> A is Xylem, B is Phloem</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Xylem cells have no cytoplasm and spiral thickening in A, not found in phloem. Companion cells and sieve plates of phloem tissue can be seen in the phloem cells in B.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">4</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>The image below shows results of an experiment in translocation in a photosynthesising plant.</p><p><img alt="" height="226" src="../../images/09_plants/translocation-experiment.jpg" width="600"></p><p>What can be determined from the results?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Sucrose moves from a sink, the mature leaf, to several sources.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Sucrose moves from the mature leaf (14) to the four youngest leaves.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> Sucrose moves from the mature leaf (14) to the youngest leaves on the same side of the plant.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> The leaves, 1,3, 4 and 6 contain the most sucrose.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Sucrose is translocated from photosynthesising leaves (sucrose sources) to rapidly growing leaves (sucrose sinks).<br>It is interesting to note that only the rapidly growing leaves on the same side as the leaf given radioactive carbon dioxide have received sucrose from this mature leaf.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">5</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>A student has carried out a germination experiment. </p><p><img alt="" src="../../images/09_plants/germination-percentage.jpg" style="width: 250px; height: 211px;"></p><p>The radical can be seen in 19 of the seeds, but not in 3 of them.</p><p>What is the % germination?</p><hr class="hidden"></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> 90% germination</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> 19% germination</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> 86% germination</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> 16% germination</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>19out of 22 seeds is 19/22*100% = 86%</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">6</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>In an investigation of the factors which influence germination of seeds, groups of seeds were planted in different conditions of pH, ranging from pH 5 to 8.</p><p><img alt="" src="../../images/09_plants/seed_germination_expt2.jpg" style="width: 600px; height: 637px;"></p>The number of seeds germinating was counted and a percentage calculated.<p>Which of the following statements is a conclusion which could be made from the data?</p><hr class="hidden"></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Seeds germinate in the range pH6-7</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> The optimum pH for germination must be pH6.5.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> More seeds have germinated in pH6.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> Seeds germinate most quickly at pH7.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>100% of seeds in pH 7 and pH 8 have germinated, but some seeds germinated in pH6 and 8 too.</p><p>The seeds in pH7 have the longest roots, suggesting they have germinated more quickly.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">7</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>A short day plants flower when the nights are long.<br>Phytochrome pigments regulate this response.</p><p>What happens to Pfr when it is placed in darkness and how does this affect short day plants?<br> </p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> Pfr is converted in the darkness to Pr </label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Pfr remains in the plant unchanged in darkness</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Pfr is converted in the darkness to florigen.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Pfr is formed in the darkness from Pr</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Exposure to light causes Pr to be converted to Pfr but in the darkness, the Pfr is converted to Pr. Pfr inhibits short day plants from flowering. </p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">8</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>Which of the following processes are involved in water uptake by root hair cells?</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">I Tension</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">II Osmosis</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">III Active transport</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">IV Adhesion</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> II only</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> II,III, IV only</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> All of the above</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> II, III only</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Active transport is used by plants to take up nitrates and other ions from the soil. This active uptake of minerals increases the concentration of dissolved ions in root cells and increases the uptake of water by osmosis.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">9</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>Which of the following are involved in transport of substances in phloem vessels?</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">I Hydrostatic pressure</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">II Incompressibility of water</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">III Active transport</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">IV Osmosis</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> I, II, III only.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> II, III only.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> III, IV only.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> All of the above.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>The companion cell uses active transport to transport materials to phloem sieve tubes. Water follows by osmosis. This increases hydrostatic pressure, as the volume of water increases, and water is incompressible.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">10</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>During a whole year&#39;s growth of an onion plant, which of the following parts could be regarded as both a source and a sink?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Bulb and seed only.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Leaf and bulb only.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Bulb only.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> Bulb, seed and leaf.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>The bulb both stores and releases sugars and other organic molecules, as does the seed when growing and germinating.<br>The leaves gain nutrients from the bulb in their early growth and then photosynthesise, becoming a source of sucrose.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">11</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>What creates the increased hydrostatic pressure at the source area of phloem vessels?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Osmosis removing of water from the phloem vessels.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Active transport of water into the phloem vessels.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Decreased sucrose concentration in the phloem vessels.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> Inward osmosis of water into the phloem vessels.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>As sucrose is actively transported into the phloem vessels, water enters by osmosis into the phloem vessels and increases the hydrostatic pressure.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">12</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>What creates the decreased hydrostatic pressure at the sink area of phloem vessels?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Inward osmosis of water into the phloem vessels.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Active transport of water out of the phloem vessels.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Increased sucrose concentration in the phloem vessels</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> Outward osmosis of water from the phloem vessels.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>As sucrose is actively transported out of the phloem vessels, water exits by osmosis from the phloem vessels lowering the hydrostatic pressure.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">13</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>Why were aphids were used to study the movement of substances within phloem vessels?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Aphids are easy to use.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Aphids are invertebrates so there are no moral objections.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Aphids are not damaged by radiation.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> Aphids put their stylets into phloem vessels.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Aphid stylets penetrate single phloem vessels. If the insect is separated from its stylet then the contents of the phloem vessel can be tested.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">14</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>In which type of medium are apical meristem cells placed for micropropagation?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Sterilised soil with hormones.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Agar gel without hormones.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Sterilised soil.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> Agar gel with mineral nutrients and hormones.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>The cells are planted in gel with inorganic nutrients and auxins to increase growth rates.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">15</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>Which is the main environmental factor that causes most plants to flower in a certain season?</p><p><img alt="" src="../../images/richard/topic-9/20210708_163338.jpg" style="width: 150px; height: 200px;"></p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Environmental temperature.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> The length of the day.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Soil water content.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> The environment does not affect flowering season.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>In short and long day plants, the length of the day (and of the night) stimulates flowering in the correct season.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">16</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>What is meant by indeterminate growth in plants?</p><p><img alt="" src="../../images/richard/topic-9/p1000175.jpg" style="width: 150px; height: 112px;"></p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Trees produce fruit continuously.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> A plant continues to grow until it has reached a certain size.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> A plant continues to produce new organs in suitable conditions for growth.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> A plant grows in a particular seaaon.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Indetrminate growth is continuous production of new organs if there are resources and suitable conditions. It is common in plants. Most animals have determinate growth, they grow and mature to a certain size.</p></div><div class="remove-section" style="display: none;" title="Remove question field"> </div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">17</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>Short day plants, such as the chrysanthemum, grow vegetatively (leaves and stems) when the dark period (night) is more than 12 hours and switch to producing flowers when the dark period is less than 12 hours. What is the name for the effect that day length has on flowering?</p><p><img alt="" src="../../images/richard/9.4-chrysnathemum.jpg" style="width: 120px; height: 89px;"></p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Photolysis.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> Photoperiodism.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Phototropism.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Photoactivation.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Plant growth responses to day length is known as photoperiodism.</p></div><div class="remove-section" style="display: none;" title="Remove question field"> </div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">18</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>Which of the following processes are involved in water movement from root xylem to leaves?</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">I Tension</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">II Osmosis</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">III Active transport</p><p style="margin-left: 40px;">IV Cohesion</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> All of the above.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> I, IV only.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> I only.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> I, II, IV only</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>The loss of water from the leaf by transpiration causes a pressure gradient that puts the column of water in a xylem vessel under tension and draws water up the stem.<br>This is aided by cohesion of water to molecules to maintain the water column.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">19</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>The image shows the response of a plant shoot towards lateral light.</p><p><img alt="" src="../../images/richard/topic-9/9.3-phototrop.jpg" style="width: 220px; height: 165px;"></p><p>What is the best description of this response?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Plagiotropism controlled by auxins.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> Positive phototropism controlled by phytohormones.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Negative geotropism controlled by phytohormones.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Phototropism controlled by phytohormones.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>Only one answer is accurate - read the alternatives carefully.</p><p>The other answers are distractors, close to correct.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="label label-default q-number">20</div><div class="exercise shadow-bottom"><div class="q-question"><p>Which of the following relationships are considered mutualistic?</p></div><div class="q-answer"><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Animal and pathogen.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Parasite and host.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input class="c" type="radio"> Angiosperm and pollinator.</label></p><p><label class="radio"><input type="radio"> Predator and prey.</label></p></div><div class="q-explanation"><p>In mutualism, both organisms benefit, the pollinator gaining food and the Angiosprm flower being pollinated is an example.</p></div><div class="actions"><span class="score" data-score="0"></span><button class="btn btn-default btn-sm btn-xs-block text-xs-center check"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><div class="totals"><span class="score"></span><button class="btn btn-success btn-block text-center check-total"><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i> Check</button></div></div><hr> <p>Refresh this page to try a new set of 20 multiple choice questions. 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