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<style>#userbox > a {margin-bottom: 4px;}</style><script>function managebacPopup(){return window.open("https://accounts.faria.org/oauth/authorize?response_type=code&client_id=RJ2txYSqkbXku1EsLPXiEzKf8kpmgkeKarpSf2eW1GM&redirect_uri=https://www.thinkib.net/mb/callback&scope=openid+email&state=6de4db75fa15068a&display=popup","ManageBac Login","width=1000,height=750"),$("#modal-login").modal("hide"),setLoginLocation("global"),!1}function managebacChinaPopup(){return window.open("https://accounts.managebac.cn/oauth/authorize?response_type=code&client_id=28KPAhfeYrEQHe88mpP5G62feOQ7r2kJkplc3mmJZfg&redirect_uri=https://www.thinkib.net/mb/callback&scope=openid+email&state=6de4db75fa15068a&display=popup","ManageBac Login","width=1000,height=750"),$("#modal-login").modal("hide"),setLoginLocation("china"),!1}function managebacRefresh(){location.reload()}function setLoginLocation(e){var o="https://www.thinkib.net/mb/callback".replace("callback","");$.get(o+e+"-login")}</script><nav id="sidemenu" class="side-nav"><div class="header"><span style="color: #fff;"><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/ibcp/page/32229/reflective-project-">Reflective Project </a></span><span id="sidetreecontrol"><a title="Collapse all" rel="collapse" href="#"><i class="fa fa-minus-circle"></i></a> <a title="Expand all" rel="expand" href="#"><i class="fa fa-plus-circle"></i></a></span></div><ul class="level-0 always-expanded"><li class="" style="padding-left: 0px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/ibcp/page/46109/reviewing-rp-results" title="Reviewing RP results">Reviewing RP results</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 0px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/ibcp/page/45819/the-process-" title="The Process ">The Process </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 0px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/ibcp/page/33779/the-options" title="The Options">The Options</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 0px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/ibcp/page/33781/starting-the-project" title="Starting the project">Starting the project</a></li><li class="current" style="padding-left: 0px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/ibcp/page/33782/ethical-dimensions-issues-and-dilemmas-" title="Ethical dimensions, issues and dilemmas. ">Ethical dimensions, issues and dilemmas. </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 0px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/ibcp/page/33785/creating-a-research-question" title="Creating a Research Question">Creating a Research Question</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 0px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/ibcp/page/44345/structuring-the-project" title="Structuring the project">Structuring the project</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 0px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/ibcp/page/33786/supervising-" title="Supervising ">Supervising </a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 0px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/ibcp/page/33791/giving-feedback" title="Giving feedback">Giving feedback</a></li><li class="" style="padding-left: 0px"><i class="expander fa fa-caret-right "></i><a href="https://www.thinkib.net/ibcp/page/33946/assessing-the-reflective-project-exemplars" title="Assessing the reflective project: exemplars">Assessing the reflective project: exemplars</a></li></ul></nav></div><!-- /#left-column-->
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colored"></i></a></li></ul></div></div><h1 class="section-title">Ethical dimensions, issues and dilemmas. </h1><ul class="breadcrumb"><li><a title="Home" href="https://www.thinkib.net/ibcp"><i class="fa fa-home"></i></a><span class="divider"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right"></i></span></li><li><a title="Go to: Reflective Project " href="https://www.thinkib.net/ibcp/page/32229/reflective-project-">Reflective Project </a><span class="divider"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right"></i></span></li><li><span>Ethical dimensions, issues and dilemmas. </span></li></ul><div id="std-sidebox-task-added-msg"></div><section id="main-content"><div id="toc-1672967924" class="toc"><a href="#" class="toc-switcher" title="Show table of contents"><small><i class="fa fa-reorder"></i> Table of contents <span class="pull-right"><i class="fa fa-chevron-down"></i></span></small></a></div><div class="intro-card"><div class="bg-cover" style="background-image: url("/media/ib/ibcp/dimension.webp");"></div><img src="/media/ib/ibcp/dimension.webp" style="display: none" /><div class="content"><h3 class="heading">Finding the ethical dimension, issue and dilemma</h3><p class="text">Beore students, can find a suitable ethical issue and dilemma to analyse critically at the centre of the reflective project process, teachers need to feel comfortable tackling this area. On this page, as well as <a href="ibcp/page/33793/ethical-thinking-" title="Reflective Project Skills » Ethical Thinking ">Ethical Thinking</a>. you can build up your understanding of ethics before giving the activities and lesson ideas a go with your students. All discussions you will have with students on Applied Ethics will often reassuringly encompass all the PPS themes.</p></div></div><div class="panel panel-has-footer" style="box-shadow: rgba(0, 51, 17, 0.3) 0px 10px 30px -15px; border-color: rgb(0, 114, 60);"><div class="panel-heading" style="background-color: rgb(0, 114, 60);"><a class="expander pull-right" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a><div><p>Breaking down what is needed</p></div></div><div class="panel-body" style=""><h5>Start here</h5><p>A student needs to be able to understand the ethical ramifications of their chosen issue and dilemma; they will need strategies to help apply ethical principles. Here we explore definitions and give helpful activity suggestions. Use with <a href="ibcp/page/33793/ethical-thinking-" title="The Core » Core: The Reflective Project » The Reflective Project Skills » Ethical Thinking ">Ethical Thinking </a>for ideas on how to differentiate between terms with ease and how to help students access the skills they need.</p><h5><a href="Browse server to select file" target="_blank" title="Key points"><img class="ico" src="img/materials/key-24.png" style="vertical-align: middle" /></a> What am I preparing the students for?</h5><h6>It is really important to recognise that the field of philosophy is huge and care needs to be taken to make it truly accessible for students. The resources and exercises here promote systematic building of knowledge, discussion and real world application. This can be supported further with the <a href="ibcp/page/33793/ethical-thinking-" title="The Core » Core: The Reflective Project » Skills » Ethical Thinking ">Ethical Thinking </a> and <a href="ibcp/page/33788/critical-thinking" title="The Core » Core: The Reflective Project » Skills » Critical Thinking">Critical Thinking</a> pages.</h6><p>In brief ... students should be able to establish the ethical parameters of their dilemma and the questions it raises at the start of their essay to hook in the interest of the reader/assessor. They then must be able to carry that thread throughout the project as they way up the strength and weaknesses of different perspectives and impact of cultural contexts.</p><h5>How 'ethical' does it need to be?</h5><p>We are not often called to define ethics explicitly and differentiate between ethical terms. Students struggle with terms - especially the term 'dilemma' so being able to break this down without over complication is vital. This is an area that PPS and Core teachers can easily feel out of their depth; confused how to approach building ethical understanding and which ethical frameworks to draw upon in such a huge academic field. Furthermore, how to simplify complex ideas without dumbing them down to make them user friendly. </p><div class="greenBg"><h5><a href="Browse server to select file" target="_blank" title="Key points"><img class="ico" src="img/materials/key-24.png" style="vertical-align: middle" /> </a>5 Key points about ethics to build the reflective project on:</h5><p>Students' projects must be built upon the following understandings. Students can use this as a checklist before</p><p>1. Ethics are about the moral principles that <strong>govern, shape or guide the behaviour of a particular 'culture'. </strong><br /><br />2. Ethics and morals can be terms used interchangeably but, at its simplest: <span class="ILfuVd NA6bn"><span class="e24Kjd"><b>ethics</b> refer to rules provided by an external source<b> </b>and <b>morals</b> refer to an individual's own principles regarding right and wrong.</span></span><span class="ILfuVd NA6bn"><span class="e24Kjd"><br /><br />3. An ethical issue worth exploring for the reflective project must have a <strong><em>controversial</em> </strong>angle and arise from the <strong>career-related study.</strong> There must be disagreement or conflict ...<br /><br />4. ... which leads to the ethical <em>dilemma. </em>For a dilemma to be viable, there must be a <strong>clash </strong>of principles without an obvious solution. With an obvious solution, there is no dilemma. </span></span></p><p>5. Therefore the reflective project to explore an ethical dilemma, it must have the opportunity to: analyse different <strong>pespectives</strong>; contextualise the dilemma with <strong>local or global </strong>examples; consider the <strong>impact </strong>of the ethical dilemma on community or communities; consider the impact of cultural influences</p><p><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/4vWXpzlL7Mo" width="640"></iframe></p></div></div></div><div class="panel panel-has-footer" style="box-shadow: rgba(68, 51, 0, 0.3) 0px 10px 30px -15px; border-color: rgb(217, 153, 0);"><div class="panel-heading" style="background-color: rgb(217, 153, 0);"><a class="expander pull-right" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a><div><p>Ethics: laying the foundations</p></div></div><div class="panel-body" style=""><div>The IB's mission statement refers to the importance of appreciating how <strong>'other people with their differences, can also be right'</strong>; this notion that is at the heart of the reflective project. Criterion B is the key area where the student's grasp of ethics is assessed but it has implications for the success of the entire project.<br /><a href="Browse server to select file" target="_blank" title="Teacher notes"><img class="ico" src="img/materials/teacher-notes-24.png" style="vertical-align: middle" /> Summary of Criterion B</a><section class="tib-hiddenbox"><div><strong>Criterion B: Knowledge and understanding in context</strong><br />Show knowledge and understanding of the issue<br />Utilise a local/global example of the issue in which the ethical dilemma is embedded to contextualise the ethical dilemma and be able to analyse different perspectives on it<br />Illustrate an awareness and understanding of the impact of the ethical dilemma on a local/global community and demonstrate how cultural influences can effect the perceptions of the ethical dilemma</div></section></div><div class="yellowBg"><h5><a href="Browse server to select file" target="_blank" title="Key points"><img class="ico" src="img/materials/key-24.png" style="vertical-align: middle" /> </a>The three branches of ethics: Meta-ethics, Normative ethics and Applied ethics</h5><h5>What are they and how do they relate to the reflective project?</h5><p>To start with, the reflective project is about Applied ethics. However students will need to utilise the other branches of ethics to evaluate their ethical dilemma effectively.</p><div class="box"><h5><strong>Meta-ethics </strong></h5><p><span style="color:#0000FF;"><strong>Key question: </strong>What is it to be morally right or morally wrong?</span></p><p><strong>Meta-ethics </strong>studies the<em> nature of ethical judgments</em>, the definition of ethical terms and different ways ethical arguments can be carried out. It is a step back from whether something is right or wrong; more <em>the nature </em>of right and wrong or good and bad.</p><p><strong>How does this relate to the reflective project? </strong>This is the starting point for students in understanding what it means to be moral or ethical. It is the nature of how ethics affects their present and their future; why is an ethical education necessary? It is also the nature of why ethical judgments take place, in what form and why this is important. More specifically, students will have considered the nature of ethical judgments and arguments within their career-related subject itself as well as in PPS. Without the foundation of definitions, it is impossible for students to select and issue and dilemma that will be appropriate and successful for their reflective project.</p><div><strong>Source: </strong>An overview of the importance of an ethical education<br /> </div><div><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/_8juebyo_Z4" width="640"></iframe></div></div><div class="box"><h5><strong>Normative ethics</strong></h5><p><span style="color:#0000FF;"><strong>Key question: </strong>What does it mean to act ethically? Should ethical behaviour be influenced by what is right for the person; the intention behind the action itself; or what the consequence will be? </span></p><p><strong>Normative ethics ... </strong>is all about creating <em>theories and frameworks for ethical behaviour</em>. The attention here is turned away from the moral nature of ethics but more towards how we should act. The 'act' in itself has three moral angles to consider: the agent, the act itself and the consequences; furthermore they are each emphasised respectively in Virtue, deontological and consequentialist ethics.</p><p><strong>How does this relate to the reflective project? </strong>Normative ethics give students the appropriate tools to analyse behaviour and judge whether it is ethical. By using specific frameworks that consider the multiple angles of ethical response, will enable students to identify their own ethical compass and voice. Using ethical frameworks also gives students the confidence to extend their thinking with questions that start 'but what if ...?' This leads onto Applied ethics as they will have the tools by which to evaluate the specific ethical issue and dilemma they have identified.</p><p><strong>Source:</strong> Three introductory videos on examples of Virtue, deontological and consequentialist ethics</p><div class="blueBg"><h5><strong>Virtue ethics </strong></h5><p>Commonly known as <em>agent-centred</em> or <em>teleological</em> ethics; pursues 'eudaimonia' (human flourishing). <br /><strong>Key words:</strong> virtues, vices and the Golden Mean; 'You are what you do'; Catholic 'natural moral law'<br /><strong>Key questions:</strong> Who am I? Who ought I to be? How do I get there?</p><p>This video clearly explains the basics of Aristotelean virtue ethics and where it can be seen in action.</p><p><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/tE7yEJdUU7g" width="500"></iframe></p></div><div class="pinkBg"><h5>Deontological ethics - example 1: ImmIB Docs (2) Teamel Kant</h5><p>Deontological ethics is fuelled by duty and the right action. Religions come under the umbrella of deontological ethics eg. Judaism and Christianity: 'Thou shalt not kill'. Famous proponents of deontological ethics include ImmIB Docs (2) Teamel Kant and his 'categorical imperative'.</p><p><strong>Key words:</strong> duty, reason, logic, action<br /><strong>Key words for ImmIB Docs (2) Teamel Kant: </strong>categorical imperatives, three maxims<br /><br /><strong>Source:</strong> This video is one of four by Dr. Todd May, that explores the ethical dilemmas in the comedy 'The Good Place' that follows the adventures of four very different characters in 'heaven'. Students may well be familiar with this series already; it certainly explores the nature of morality and ethics in a comical form throughout every episode. Rather handily for teaching, one of the characteristics of being in heaven is the inability to swear and, if attempted, words are immediately altered to something much tamer and nonsensical.</p><p><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/2S_XuJTOEJY?start=6" width="640"></iframe></p></div><div class="greenBg"><h5>Consequentialist ethics</h5><h5>Consequentialist ethics tell us that actions are motivated by the outcome desired.<br /><br />Example 1: Utilitarianism</h5><p>In the case of utilitarianism, the extent to which an action is deemed useful is by how much happiness it brings people. This philosophy was first associated with Jeremy Bentham who stated 'an action is right if it brings about more pleasure than pain and wrong if it brings more pain than pleasure'.<br /><strong>Key words:</strong> Hedonic calculus, univeralizability, 'the greatest good for the greatest number'.</p><p><strong>Source: </strong>This is a good introduction to the basics of an extensive topic.</p><p><strong> <iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/uvmz5E75ZIA" width="500"></iframe></strong><br /> </p><h5>Example 2: Situation ethics</h5><p>This is a consequentialist theory influenced by the Christian notion of love and made prominent in the 1960s through Joseph Fletcher. Agape (love) is that the heart of all moral-decision making which can differ in many situations. Actions are only defined as moral by their consequence.<br /><strong>Key words: </strong>agape, four working principles, six fundamental principles, relativism, pragmatism, positivism, personalism.</p><p><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/stj2SHI77EY" width="640"></iframe></p><h5></h5></div></div><div class="box"><h5><strong>Applied ethics</strong></h5><p><span style="color:#0000FF;"><strong>Key question:</strong> What are the different ethical courses of action in this situation? </span></p><p>Applied ethics seeks to <em>apply normative ethics</em> and subsequent frameworks in practical situations.</p><p><strong>How does this relate to the reflective project?</strong> The reflective project is about critical thinking to a specific current ethical dilemma in their career-related subject; this is a project about applying ethics. Students need parameters within which to work which is why their understanding of normative ethics must be built up systemmatically and clear in how to apply it in a range of scenarios. The contextualising of the ethical dilemma through a local and/or global examples and consideration of its impact emphasises the unique nature of a specific situation on an ethical dilemma.</p><p><strong>Source: </strong>The whistle-blower: this talk is a fascinating exploration of the importance of ethical principles in the workplace and authentic example of applied ethics.</p><div><div style="max-width:854px"><div style="position:relative;height:0;padding-bottom:56.25%"><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="480" scrolling="no" src="https://embed.ted.com/talks/kelly_richmond_pope_how_whistle_blowers_shape_history" style="position:absolute;left:0;top:0;width:100%;height:100%" width="854"></iframe></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="panel panel-darkorange"><div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander pull-right" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a><div><p>Getting students started</p></div></div><div class="panel-body"><div><h5>Thinking routines to promote ethical thinking and debate</h5><p>Students can have it drilled into them that they must question what they see but they do not necessarily know how to ask questions or what questions are worth asking. The key to thinking routines such as these below, attributed to and adapted from Harvard Project Zero, and why they work so well is that it is never presumed that the student knows what questions to ask. Most importantly is to remember the word 'routine' - these are habits of mind, to be visited often so the structure becomes a familiar process. With this familiarity, comes confidence, clarity of communication and enhanced critical thinking.</p><h5><a href="Browse server to select file" target="_blank" title="Activities"><img class="ico" src="img/materials/activities-24.png" style="vertical-align: middle" /> </a>Same and Different</h5><p>This is a Harvard Project Zero thinking routine that helps students go beyond superficial observations of similarities and differences. It is an excellent routine to carry out for students to appreciate that ethical dimensions, issues and dilemmas are not black and white or contain polar opposites: often the truth is murky and grey with subtleties and degrees of difference.</p><div class="greyBg"><div class="box"><div><p>'Choose a debate, incident or object in which opposing views are clearly apparent or images that look different but are grouped together. <span class="markedContent" id="page103R_mcid4"><span dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="left: 76px; top: 530.573px; font-size: 16.6667px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.987933);"></span></span></p><p><span style="color:#FF0000;"><strong>1. First glance: </strong> </span>What was the first impression you had about this?<span class="markedContent" id="page103R_mcid41"><br /><span style="color:#FFA500;"><strong>2. Perspective Taking:</strong> </span>From what other points of view could this be perceived? What would one say from those points of view?<br /><span style="color:#008000;"><strong>3. Same and Different:</strong></span> What are the similarities? Differences? How is this case the same and different at the same time?'<sup data-footnote-id="c5d0a"><a class="scroll-to" data-target="footnote-1" id="footnote-marker-1-1" rel="footnote">[1]</a></sup> </span></p></div><h6><a href="Browse server to select file" target="_blank" title="Teacher notes"><img class="ico" src="img/materials/teacher-notes-24.png" style="vertical-align: middle" /> </a>Varying the activity</h6><section class="tib-hiddenbox"><p>1. As a whole class activity, especially with a bigger class size, once the thinking routine has been established, different groups can be given a specific and relevant stakeholder from the initial prompt, to develop and research further. The evaluation of similarities and differences can be done as a whole class where their responses to stage 3 above can be expanded upon and more and more complexities developed.</p><p>2. On an individual level, students can carry out this activity when using a specific article they are utilising for the ethical issue they are researching. The identification of specific stakeholders, visibly recording the different points of view and recording similarities and differences should be a habitual part of their research process. Students might consider recording their ideas in a venn diagram to help them visualise this process.</p></section></div></div></div></div><div class="panel-footer"><div></div></div></div><div class="panel panel-has-footer panel-has-planner" style="box-shadow: rgba(17, 34, 51, 0.3) 0px 10px 30px -15px; border-color: rgb(39, 45, 105);"><div class="panel-heading" style="background-color: rgb(39, 45, 105);"><a class="expander pull-right" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a><div><p>Lesson Plan: Speak YOUR mind</p></div></div><div class="panel-body" style=""><h5>Aim: Through debate of an ethical dilemma, students vocalise their instinctive course of action and reflect on the ethical dimension of different class responses.</h5><div class="yellowBg"><h5>Step 1: Exploring Utilitarianism with the Trolley dilemma</h5><p>a) Introduce the Trolley problem by playing just the <strong>first minute</strong> of this video. Establish explicitly how this is an ethical <em>dilemma: the CLASH of ethical principles where there is no clear solution.</em><br />b) Ask students to write down instinctively how they would act on a piece of paper (this can be anonymous) and hand in.<br />c) Depending on the group size and dynamic, ask students to discuss in pairs or small groups what they would do.<br />d) Use the last 3 minutes in reflection of your debate and pause as appropriate to check understanding and thoughts with students.<br />e) Ask the students to reflect in their RRS of how their understanding has developed; did their decision stay the same throughout or did they change it as the problem developed? As you explore more ethical dilemmas, you can revisit this and students can reflect how their thinking has changed.</p><h5><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/yg16u_bzjPE" width="640"></iframe></h5></div><h5></h5><p><a href="Browse server to select file" target="_blank" title="Teacher notes"><img class="ico" src="img/materials/teacher-notes-24.png" style="vertical-align: middle" /> Evaluating student responses</a></p><section class="tib-hiddenbox"><p>In addition to the video above, this is another video from Dr. Todd May, that explores the ethical dilemmas in the comedy 'The Good Place'; here specifically utilitarianism and the trolley dilemma which the four characters come across. As said above, one of the characteristics of being in heaven is the inability to swear and words are immediately altered to something much tamer and nonsensical. There are further sources below that explore the trolley dilemma as well.</p><p><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/YuVreCbQOwc" width="640"></iframe></p></section><h5>Step 2: Group work - Applying the frameworks to the scenario</h5><h5>Exploring understanding of key ethical frameworks;</h5><div class="box"><h5>The Trolley problem</h5><ul><li> What questions would be asked from a teleological, deontological or consequentialist perspective?</li><li> What course of action might this lead to? </li></ul></div><h5><br /><a href="Browse server to select file" target="_blank" title="Teacher notes"><img class="ico" src="img/materials/teacher-notes-24.png" style="vertical-align: middle" /> Teacher's notes on possible responses </a></h5><section class="tib-hiddenbox"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;">Examples of questions posed might be:<br /><br /><strong>Virtue ethics:</strong> What do I want? How should I be? What does my character tell me to do? What is good for me?<br /><br /><strong>Deontological:</strong> What is the right action? What does reason and moral law tell me is the right thing to do? Are my motives good?<br /><meta charset="utf-8"></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><strong>Consequentialist (utilitarian):</strong> What would be the best outcome? What would be the best for the most number of people? What would be best for the good of society?<br /><br /><strong>Situation ethics: </strong>In this situation, what does my love of God and of people tell me to do? What will be the moral consequence<br />of my action/s?<span style="font-size:18pt;font-family:'Source Sans Pro',sans-serif;color:#7F7F7F;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;"></span></p></section></div></div><div class="panel panel-has-footer panel-has-planner" style="box-shadow: rgba(51, 0, 0, 0.3) 0px 10px 30px -15px; border-color: rgb(193, 0, 75);"><div class="panel-heading" style="background-color: rgb(193, 0, 75);"><a class="expander pull-right" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a><div><p>Quick ideas</p></div></div><div class="panel-body" style=""><h5>Identifying ethical dilemmas</h5><div>Students consider the following questions to identify the clash of ethical principles that leads this to be an ethical dilemma. First of all they need to put forward possible ideas and opposing views which can lead to identifying why there is no simple solution. The casestudy notes provides useful expansion from New Scientist to help develop discussion or for students to consider directly. </div><div><div class="greyBg"><div><strong><span style="font-family:courier new,courier,monospace;">Should we give other animals rights?</span></strong></div><div><strong><span style="font-family:courier new,courier,monospace;">Should we impose population controls?</span></strong></div><div><strong><span style="font-family:courier new,courier,monospace;">Should we stop doing science?</span></strong></div></div><h5> <img class="ico" src="img/materials/key-study-24.png" style="vertical-align: middle" /> Case studies: teaching notes</h5><p><iframe frameborder="0" height="480" scrolling="no" src="/media/ib/ibcp/ethical-dilemma-case-study-1.pdf" width="100%"></iframe></p><p><iframe frameborder="0" height="480" scrolling="no" src="/media/ib/ibcp/ethical-dilemma-case-study-2.pdf" width="100%"></iframe></p></div><p><iframe frameborder="0" height="480" scrolling="no" src="/media/ib/ibcp/ethical-dilemma-case-study-3.pdf" width="100%"></iframe></p></div></div><div class="panel panel-has-footer"><div class="panel-heading"><a class="expander pull-right" href="#"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span></a><div><p>Further resources</p></div></div><div class="panel-body"><div><h5>Strengths and weaknesses of ethical frameworks</h5><p><a href="Browse server to select file" target="_blank" title="Key points"><img class="ico" src="img/materials/key-24.png" style="vertical-align: middle" /> Analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of arguments, ideas and resources is a key part of succeeding in Criteria A-E </a></p><p>After embedding the basics of different ethical frameworks, the next step is for students to consider the strengths and weaknesses of each framework. No framework is perfect. Before viewing the videos for teleological and consequentialist ethics or the further notes for the Kantian dilemma, students should carry out a reflection or a pair/group mindmap of strengths and weaknesses they have identified when they apply these ideas to specific ethical dilemmas.</p><h5>a) Teleological or Agent-centred ethics: includes Aristoteloan Virtue ethics</h5><p><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/vR_6zSPGLtY?start=217" width="500"></iframe></p><h5>b) Deontological: duty-based ethics - examples include Christianity and Kantian ethics</h5><h5><img class="ico" src="img/materials/discussion-24.png" style="vertical-align: middle" /> Class discussion: What would be the Kantian response to 'lying'? What examples can you find that might question this response? Can you find examples where you think the Kantian response would be right?</h5><h5><br /><img class="ico" src="img/materials/teacher-notes-24.png" style="vertical-align: middle" /> Teacher notes to support discussion</h5><section class="tib-hiddenbox"><p>The Kantian response to lying would be that it is always wrong. In other words, telling the truth is ALWAYS right.</p><p>Students might well give examples of people hiding Jews from Nazis in the Second World War. They might also consider the role of 'white lies' in the functioning of healthy relationships within a family. In terms of supporting this maxim, students might consider the functioning of a court of law and, more widely, the role of truth in society. Furthermore, they might consider the role of truth in their career-related subject and the implications of not telling the truth. The TED talk above by Kelly Richmond Pope on whistleblowing could support this discussion further.</p></section><h5>c) Consequentialist: includes Utilitarianism and Situation Ethics as examples</h5><p><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="360" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/uGDk23Q0S9E" width="500"></iframe></p></div></div><div class="panel-footer"><div><section class="footnotes"><header><h2>Footnotes</h2></header><ol><li data-footnote-id="c5d0a" id="footnote-1"><a class="scroll-to" data-target="footnote-marker-1-1">^</a> <cite>Harvard Project Zero, http://www.pz.harvard.edu/sites/default/files/Same%20and%20Different.pdf</cite></li></ol></section></div></div></div></section></article><section id="media-extras"><div class="page-actions no-print navbar inline hidden-desktop"><div class="navbar-inner"><ul class="nav"><li><a class="presentation" href="#" onclick="return false;"><i class="fa fa-desktop"></i></a></li><li><a class="print-section-blog" href="#" onclick="return false;"><i class="fa fa-print"></i></a></li><li><a class="personal-notes" href="#" onclick="return false;"><i class="fa fa-file-text"></i></a></li><li class="dropdown"><a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" data-target="#" href="#"><i class="fa fa-share-alt"></i></a><ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"><li><a class="" target="_blank" title="Share on Twitter" href="https://twitter.com/share?text=%22Ethical+dimensions%2C+issues+and+dilemmas.+%22+-+via+%40InThinker+%23ibcp%0A&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thinkib.net%2Fibcp%2Fpage%2F33782%2Fethical-dimensions-issues-and-dilemmas-"><i class="fa fa-twitter-square"></i><span>Twitter</span></a></li><li><a class="" target="_blank" title="Share on Facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thinkib.net%2Fibcp%2Fpage%2F33782%2Fethical-dimensions-issues-and-dilemmas-&t=Ethical+dimensions,+issues+and+dilemmas.+"><i class="fa fa-facebook-square"></i><span>Facebook</span></a></li><li><a class="" href="http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thinkib.net%2Fibcp%2Fpage%2F33782%2Fethical-dimensions-issues-and-dilemmas-"><i class="fa fa-linkedin-square"></i><span>LinkedIn</span></a></li><li><a class="" href="https://plus.google.com/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thinkib.net%2Fibcp%2Fpage%2F33782%2Fethical-dimensions-issues-and-dilemmas-"><i class="fa fa-google-plus-square"></i><span>Google +</span></a></li><li><a class="" href="mailto:?subject=Ethical dimensions, issues and dilemmas. &body=Finding the ethical dimension, issue and dilemmaBeore students, can find a suitable ethical issue and dilemma to analyse critically at the centre of the reflective project process, teachers need to feel comfortable tackling...%0Ahttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.thinkib.net%2Fibcp%2Fpage%2F33782%2Fethical-dimensions-issues-and-dilemmas-"><i class="fa fa-envelope"></i><span>Email</span></a></li></ul></li><li><a class="" href="ibcp/teaching-materials"><i class="fa fa-puzzle-piece colored"></i></a></li></ul></div></div><div style="border-top: solid 1px #eee;border-bottom: solid 1px #eee;padding: 4px 0 4px 0;line-height: 1em;color: #666;font-size: .8em"><small><em>All materials on this website are for the exclusive use of teachers and students at subscribing schools for the period of their subscription. 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